terzani

terzani

https://www.terzani.com

Overview

Terzani is a renowned interior design supplier that specializes in luxurious and high-end lighting fixtures. The company was founded in Florence, Italy in 1972 by Sergio Terzani, and has since become synonymous with exquisite craftsmanship and innovative design. Terzani's website, www.terzani.com, showcases their extensive collection of lighting products, including chandeliers, pendants, wall sconces, and floor lamps. The company is known for its use of premium materials such as hand-blown glass, metal, and crystal, as well as its commitment to traditional artisanal techniques. The usage of Terzani's products is primarily for interior lighting, providing both functional illumination and artistic statement pieces for residential, commercial, and hospitality spaces. Their products are often used to create dramatic and elegant atmospheres, adding a touch of luxury and sophistication to any interior. Terzani's product styles range from contemporary and minimalist designs to more ornate and decorative pieces, catering to a variety of aesthetic preferences. Their lighting fixtures are often characterized by sleek lines, geometric shapes, and intricate detailing, making them versatile for different interior design themes. In terms of pricing, Terzani's products are considered luxury and premium, reflecting the high-quality materials, craftsmanship, and design innovation that the brand is known for. Their products are positioned at the higher end of the market, targeting discerning customers who appreciate luxury and exclusivity in their interior spaces. The main headquarters of Terzani is located in Florence, Italy, where the brand's design and manufacturing processes are based. In addition to their headquarters, Terzani has a global presence with distribution and retail partners in various countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and other European and Asian markets. Overall, Terzani is synonymous with exquisite craftsmanship, innovative design, and luxury lighting solutions, making it a top choice for interior designers, architects, and discerning homeowners seeking high-end lighting fixtures for their spaces.

Products From This Supplier

A wide range of product from furniture to finishes to meet the desire of all designers.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

Abacus multiplyingluminescence.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Used for centuries as the tool to both teach and communicate mathematics, the abacus was found in one form or another across the ancient world. At Terzani, we saw the beauty in the abacus’ mathematical purity and clean, functional design. In the hands of Terzani’s craftsmen, we’ve turned this inspiration into a new collection of modular pendant lamps whose flexibility allows for complex and beautiful configurations. Each module, or strand, of Abacus, made of a custom set of round, hand-blown opal glass which emit a soft and uniform light. And, as the original abacus was used to calculate everything from simple addition to complex formulas, we’ve retained the same scalability. Due to its customization, our Abacus light is just as suitable in a home as a commercial space, and its almost infinite configurations makes sure you always come up with the right solution. Design Draw. Made in Italy.

Moiré movementwith pattern.

Moiré movementwith pattern.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

A French term derived from silk with a rippled or “watered” appearance, moiré is an optical effect that results in the illusion of waves or the movement of water. This effect is achieved by having an opaque, ruled pattern overlaid over another. Designer Christian Lava’s studies of this effect have led to his latest design aptly titled, Moiré. Using overlapping grids of metal, this LED pendant light dynamically changes shape following the viewer’s gaze, practically coming to life with a vibrating energy. Moiré is a mesmerizing addition to any room. Available in gold plated and nickel finish. Design Christian Lava. Made in Italy.

Pug multumin parvo.

Pug multumin parvo.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Pug is a dog described as “much in little”, referring to the greatness of his personalities despite his diminutive size. Inspired by the Pug’s charm, designer Jean-François Crochet created the Pug pendant light whose protruding spherical lights are reminiscent of a pug’s face. As with the breed, the Pug pendant packs significant charm and beauty into a small package. Illuminated by LED light, these glass pendants are framed by two brass bands. With Pug, it’s easy to bring a new best friend (or pack of friends) into a home. Available in clear/raw brass and satin white/polished brass. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy.

Pug multumin parvo.

Pug multumin parvo.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Pug is a dog described as “much in little”, referring to the greatness of his personalities despite his diminutive size. Inspired by the Pug’s charm, designer Jean-François Crochet created the Pug pendant light whose protruding spherical lights are reminiscent of a pug’s face. As with the breed, the Pug pendant packs significant charm and beauty into a small package. Illuminated by LED light, these glass pendants are framed by two brass bands. With Pug, it’s easy to bring a new best friend (or pack of friends) into a home. Available in clear/raw brass and satin white/polished brass. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy.

Pug multumin parvo.

Pug multumin parvo.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Pug is a dog described as “much in little”, referring to the greatness of his personalities despite his diminutive size. Inspired by the Pug’s charm, designer Jean-François Crochet created the Pug pendant light whose protruding spherical lights are reminiscent of a pug’s face. As with the breed, the Pug pendant packs significant charm and beauty into a small package. Illuminated by LED light, these glass pendants are framed by two brass bands. With Pug, it’s easy to bring a new best friend (or pack of friends) into a home. Available in clear/raw brass and satin white/polished brass. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy.

Pug multumin parvo.

Pug multumin parvo.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Pug is a dog described as “much in little”, referring to the greatness of his personalities despite his diminutive size. Inspired by the Pug’s charm, designer Jean-François Crochet created the Pug pendant light whose protruding spherical lights are reminiscent of a pug’s face. As with the breed, the Pug pendant packs significant charm and beauty into a small package. Illuminated by LED light, these glass pendants are framed by two brass bands. With Pug, it’s easy to bring a new best friend (or pack of friends) into a home. Available in clear/raw brass and satin white/polished brass. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy.

Gaia earthmother.

Gaia earthmother.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

In Greek mythology, Gaia is the personification of the Earth and the mother of all life. Looking to capture the mythical and natural beauty of this Earth goddess, designer Jean-François Crochet has created the Gaia pendant light. Consisting of geometric frames of brass or raw metal reminiscent of the mountains Gaia created, the pendant uses led light to push light through the “cracks” formed. The resulting light creates a magical feeling, as if the lights peaking through were alive themselves. Also available in gold, nickel and wood finish and in custom configurations, Gaia adds a vibrancy and sacred light to any space. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy

Gaia earthmother.

Gaia earthmother.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

In Greek mythology, Gaia is the personification of the Earth and the mother of all life. Looking to capture the mythical and natural beauty of this Earth goddess, designer Jean-François Crochet has created the Gaia pendant light. Consisting of geometric frames of brass or raw metal reminiscent of the mountains Gaia created, the pendant uses led light to push light through the “cracks” formed. The resulting light creates a magical feeling, as if the lights peaking through were alive themselves. Also available in gold, nickel and wood finish and in custom configurations, Gaia adds a vibrancy and sacred light to any space. Design Jean-François Crochet. Made in Italy

Epoque cyclicallight.

Epoque cyclicallight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Epoque is a light sculpture designed to study chiaroscuro and volumes. The result is a modern expression of these renaissance-era techniques in a stunning chandelier. Composed of curved, organic lines, Epoque’s frame is made of flexible and durable brass metal, suspended by metal chains. Two bands of metal, a central elongated section and an external band of wide arcs, allows the light to envelop a room in reflections of soft light. Epoque has attracted attention from those in the design community with discerning tastes. Epoque is available in nickel, black nickel, bronze and gold finish. Design Stefano Papi & Saviz Yaghmai. Made in Italy

Epoque cyclicallight.

Epoque cyclicallight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Epoque is a light sculpture designed to study chiaroscuro and volumes. The result is a modern expression of these renaissance-era techniques in a stunning chandelier. Composed of curved, organic lines, Epoque’s frame is made of flexible and durable brass metal, suspended by metal chains. Two bands of metal, a central elongated section and an external band of wide arcs, allows the light to envelop a room in reflections of soft light. Epoque has attracted attention from those in the design community with discerning tastes. Epoque is available in nickel, black nickel, bronze and gold finish. Design Stefano Papi & Saviz Yaghmai. Made in Italy

Atlantis a preciouswave.

Atlantis a preciouswave.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Seemingly alive, Atlantis’ shimmering light creates a vibrant source of energy. Its mesmerizing, organic effect is created by hundreds of illuminated lengths of draped chains. Like water in the ocean, Atlantis’ chains appear liquid, cascading over its gloss bands and falling down towards the abyss before turning back into itself. Atlantis is composed of almost three miles of chain, meticulously hand-crafted by master italian artisans. Design Barlas Baylar. Made in Italy

Atlantis a preciouswave.

Atlantis a preciouswave.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Seemingly alive, Atlantis’ shimmering light creates a vibrant source of energy. Its mesmerizing, organic effect is created by hundreds of illuminated lengths of draped chains. Like water in the ocean, Atlantis’ chains appear liquid, cascading over its gloss bands and falling down towards the abyss before turning back into itself. Atlantis is composed of almost three miles of chain, meticulously hand-crafted by master italian artisans. Design Barlas Baylar. Made in Italy

Atlantis a preciouswave.

Atlantis a preciouswave.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Seemingly alive, Atlantis’ shimmering light creates a vibrant source of energy. Its mesmerizing, organic effect is created by hundreds of illuminated lengths of draped chains. Like water in the ocean, Atlantis’ chains appear liquid, cascading over its gloss bands and falling down towards the abyss before turning back into itself. Atlantis is composed of almost three miles of chain, meticulously hand-crafted by master italian artisans. Design Barlas Baylar. Made in Italy

Soscik classic form,modern look.

Soscik classic form,modern look.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Terzani continues to reinvent the classics. With Soscik, that combines traditional, artisan techniques with cutting-edge technology to give the traditional chandelier a modern update. Created by interlacing metal chain over the frame, Soscik creates a dramatic and romantic effect, while still being able to compliment today’s modern luxury. Available as a chandelier or a ceiling lamp, Soscik proves that modern design does not have to sacrifice luxury. Design Nicolas Terzani. Made in Italy

Stream iridescentlight.

Stream iridescentlight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Another stunning design from Christian Lava, Stream is an impressive presence in any room. Like Christian’s other work for Terzani, Etoile, Stream’s design exploits the physical characteristics of the materials used to envelop a room in a unique, immersive light. Here, over seven kilometers of metal chain appear to flow down from the undulating, plated frame. These cascading tiers project a streaking, yet tranquil, shadow throughout the room. Design Christian Lava. Made in Italy

Stream iridescentlight.

Stream iridescentlight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Another stunning design from Christian Lava, Stream is an impressive presence in any room. Like Christian’s other work for Terzani, Etoile, Stream’s design exploits the physical characteristics of the materials used to envelop a room in a unique, immersive light. Here, over seven kilometers of metal chain appear to flow down from the undulating, plated frame. These cascading tiers project a streaking, yet tranquil, shadow throughout the room. Design Christian Lava. Made in Italy

Stream iridescentlight.

Stream iridescentlight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Another stunning design from Christian Lava, Stream is an impressive presence in any room. Like Christian’s other work for Terzani, Etoile, Stream’s design exploits the physical characteristics of the materials used to envelop a room in a unique, immersive light. Here, over seven kilometers of metal chain appear to flow down from the undulating, plated frame. These cascading tiers project a streaking, yet tranquil, shadow throughout the room. Design Christian Lava. Made in Italy

Volver breath of newlight.

Volver breath of newlight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

At Terzani, we are fortunate to work with some of the brightest young stars in italian design. For Volver, designer Diego Bassetti and architect Andrea Panzeri of Studio 14, protegés of Bruno Rainaldi, applied their multidisciplinary approach to create Terzani’s first led suspension light. This geometric design combines thin chains with the latest in led technology to create a light that is both elegant and modern. A breath of new light, Volver melds technology and art to achieve a new level of luxury. Available in a circular variation. Design Studio 14.

Volver breath of newlight.

Volver breath of newlight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

At Terzani, we are fortunate to work with some of the brightest young stars in italian design. For Volver, designer Diego Bassetti and architect Andrea Panzeri of Studio 14, protegés of Bruno Rainaldi, applied their multidisciplinary approach to create Terzani’s first led suspension light. This geometric design combines thin chains with the latest in led technology to create a light that is both elegant and modern. A breath of new light, Volver melds technology and art to achieve a new level of luxury. Available in a circular variation. Design Studio 14.

Mizu flowinglight.

Mizu flowinglight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Inspired by the tranquil and mesmerizing light refractions created by water, Mizu is a customizable pendant light from Terzani. Like water droplets, no two Mizu are alike, each crystal shape is unique and made meticulously by hand. Using only the clearest crystal, Mizu perfectly emulates water’s refraction of light, casting amazing patterns around the room, reminiscent of flowing water. Available in clear, silver dust, gold, cognac and champagne finish. Design Nicolas Terzani. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Argent a preciouscloud.

Argent a preciouscloud.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

With this light, designer Dodo Arslan creates a shimmering cloud. Argent consists of metal discs that have been meticulously shaped by hand by Terzani craftsmen into clusters. Once lit, the multiple, angled surfaces of the discs emanate a soft, shimmering glow. Argent is available in stainless steel, gold plated, rose gold plated and champagne plated finishes. Black nickel plated is available on request. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Manta shimmeringwaves.

Manta shimmeringwaves.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Manta was created featuring sinuous, undulating lines. The results are soft waves of crystal light reminiscent of being underwater. The innovative Manta is made of crystal, with a dimmable integrated led lamp focused on maximizing the crystal’s reflection. Manta’s organic form is available in two sizes and can be installed in numerous, customizable arrangements. Design Dodo Arslan & Nicolas Terzani. Made in Italy.

Doodle freehanddesign.

Doodle freehanddesign.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

We no longer march in a straight line. Our lives are dynamic, intertwining collections of relationships, experiences and journeys. Reflecting the fluidity of our generation, designer Simone Micheli has created a new, contemporary light for Terzani, Doodle. Like us, each Doodle is unique, each pendant is handcrafted by artisans to resemble a randomised path. And, to give us control over the journey we want to take, each led bulb can be placed anywhere on the light, not only reflecting the choices we make in life, but giving Doodle a special flexibility. Available in nickel, black amethyst, gold andcopper plated finishes. Design Simone Micheli. Made in Italy.

Doodle freehanddesign.

Doodle freehanddesign.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

We no longer march in a straight line. Our lives are dynamic, intertwining collections of relationships, experiences and journeys. Reflecting the fluidity of our generation, designer Simone Micheli has created a new, contemporary light for Terzani, Doodle. Like us, each Doodle is unique, each pendant is handcrafted by artisans to resemble a randomised path. And, to give us control over the journey we want to take, each led bulb can be placed anywhere on the light, not only reflecting the choices we make in life, but giving Doodle a special flexibility. Available in nickel, black amethyst, gold andcopper plated finishes. Design Simone Micheli. Made in Italy.

Doodle freehanddesign.

Doodle freehanddesign.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

We no longer march in a straight line. Our lives are dynamic, intertwining collections of relationships, experiences and journeys. Reflecting the fluidity of our generation, designer Simone Micheli has created a new, contemporary light for Terzani, Doodle. Like us, each Doodle is unique, each pendant is handcrafted by artisans to resemble a randomised path. And, to give us control over the journey we want to take, each led bulb can be placed anywhere on the light, not only reflecting the choices we make in life, but giving Doodle a special flexibility. Available in nickel, black amethyst, gold andcopper plated finishes. Design Simone Micheli. Made in Italy.

Frame nature’simprint.

Frame nature’simprint.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Capturing a moment in time, Frame features a metal coral leaf, enclosed inside a borosilicate glass preserving a delicate imprint of nature. Hidden inside is a single bulb which glows from within. Creating a stirring light that projects a dynamic shadow due to the permeable coral. Frame is available in white, red, gold plated or silver plated. Design Terzani Lab. Made in Italy.

Frame nature’simprint.

Frame nature’simprint.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

Capturing a moment in time, Frame features a metal coral leaf, enclosed inside a borosilicate glass preserving a delicate imprint of nature. Hidden inside is a single bulb which glows from within. Creating a stirring light that projects a dynamic shadow due to the permeable coral. Frame is available in white, red, gold plated or silver plated. Design Terzani Lab. Made in Italy.

I Lucci Argentati school oflight.

I Lucci Argentati school oflight.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

I Lucci Argentati draws from nature to create a whimsical, yet modern light. Recalling a school of fish darting through freshwater, it creates a mesmerizing luminescence. Sets of sleek elements combine to form a stunning pendant with thin incisions along the bottom creating an understated, tranquil beauty. Thanks to its modular system, I Lucci Argentati is customizable and can be combined in many different configurations: from small to extra large and finished either in brushed nickel, brushed gold or white. Design Dodo Arslan. Made in Italy.

Angel Falls cast down toearth.

Angel Falls cast down toearth.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

For his work for Terzani, Nigel Coates, well known for his unorthodox approach to design, has created an engaging, unique light. Customizable groups of hand made crystal "angels” are illuminated by halogen or led lamps. What caused these angels to fall from the heavens? It’s up to the viewers to decide. Either way, Angel Falls is sure to garner attention, and generate conversation, in any setting. Design Nigel Coates. Made in Italy.

Calle perennialelegance.

Calle perennialelegance.

terzani > Ceiling lamp

At Terzani, we spend countless days searching the globe for talented new designers, but sometimes they find us. Such is the case with the young designers Luca Martorano and Mattia Albicini (Draw studio) who approached us with the design for Calle, a fantastic new light we instantly fell in love with. It howcases our skill at crafting crystal to take the material to an exciting, modern place. Luca and Mattia worked with our raftsmen to create a slender inverted flute of crystal that, like the calla lily it mimics, can be grouped into stunning bouquets of light. Design Draw. Made in Italy.